Developers do White Box testing and Black Box testing is done by Software Testers. In White Box testing, checking of internal structure of the application is done and which is why it is also called Structural Testing. It is also known as Glass Box Testing. How the system has been built and how is it working is the main consideration in the White Box testing approach, which is totally opposite to the Black Box testing in which the main concern is the functionality of the application.  In Black Box testing, irrespective of the internal structure of the application, only the outputs are checked and verified.

While white-box testing can be applied at the unit, integration and system levels of the software testing process, it is usually done at the unit level. It can test paths within a unit, paths between units during integration, and between sub-systems during a system–level test.

Structure-based testing or white-box testing is based on an identified structure of the software or system, as seen in the following examples:

• Component level: the structure is that of the code itself, i.e. statements, decisions or branches.
• Integration level: the structure may be a call tree (a diagram in which modules call other modules).
• System level: the structure may be a menu structure, business process or web page structure.

In this section, two code-related structural techniques for code coverage, based on statements and decisions, are discussed.

Statement testing and coverage
In component testing, statement coverage is the assessment of the percentage of executable statements that have been exercised by a test case suite. Statement testing derives test cases to execute specific statements, normally to increase statement coverage.

Decision testing and coverage
Decision coverage, related to branch testing, is the assessment of the percentage of decision outcomes (e.g. the True and False options of an IF statement) that have been exercised by a test case suite. Decision testing derives test cases to execute specific decision outcomes, normally to increase decision coverage. Decision testing is a form of control flow testing as it generates a specific flow of control through the decision points. Decision coverage is stronger than statement coverage: 100% decision coverage guarantees 100% statement coverage, but not vice versa.

Other structure-based techniques
There are stronger levels of structural coverage beyond decision coverage, for example, condition coverage and multiple condition coverage. The concept of coverage can also be applied at other test levels (e.g. at integration level) where the percentage of modules, components or classes that have been exercised by a test case suite could be expressed as module, component or class coverage.

White Box Testing by Stubs and Drivers
With White Box testing, programmers run a particular part of the code and check that if it produces expected result or not. Programmers always use Stubs and Drivers for White Box testing. Drivers are piece of code, which calls a method and passes that method a value. A Stub is a dummy procedure, module or unit that stands in for an unfinished portion of a system.

In simple words stubs and drivers are small programs, which are used in integration testing in place of undeveloped modules. In some cases, when we need output of a particular module which is not developed yet, the developer writes a small program for white box testing, which generates the same output generated by undeveloped module, these programs are called stubs and drivers. Stubs are used when we test an application in top-down approach while Drivers are used when we test an application in bottom-top approach.

Concluding this we can say that this method of test design can uncover many errors or problems but it might not detect unimplemented parts of the specification or missing requirements. So the traceability of the functional requirements will not be guaranteed covered for this type of testing methodology.

JavaMelody is open source (LGPL) and production ready. It can be used in below mentioned manner.

1. Install Java Melody agent on the application server ,which you want to monitor
2. Install the Java melody central server from where actual statistics would be viewed by admin. These statistics data would be collected from the agents, which are installed on each of the application server.

When a centralized collect server is used, it is a pull model:
The collect server makes http requests and the webapp sends back binary
Serialized data over http, which is automatically compressed with gzip
if necessary (json is possible with configuration instead of
Serialized). These serialized data, retrieved by the collect server,
Only contains the delta since the last collect for the statistics data

By viewing the Java Melody console, we can get below mentioned data

1. Number of HTTP Sessions
2. Opened JDBC Connections
3. HTTP Request Timings
4. SQL Query Execution
5. SQL Error Logs
6. HTTP Error Logs
7. CPU, Memory & Threads Information

Recently with the help of Java Melody SPEC INDIA helped the customer to find the performance bottleneck in the application and tune the application performance.

With the increasing need to standardize business practices more and more FMCG companies are moving towards Sales Force Automation solutions. We have implemented this sales force automation mobile client for leading FMCG companies, where their sales executives use application on their handheld and mobile devices for executing sales activities. “ZooM” can be deployed on various Windows based handheld devices or Java enabled smartphones. This application has different modules i.e. Presales, Van sales and Survey.

The Presales module enables the sales executives to take order from the customers and the delivery can be made the next day or a predefined date. While through Van sales the sales executive can take order and deliver the good immediately followed by generating invoice and taking payment for the goods. Whereas a Survey application enables the management to conduct surveys about their new products, collect customer feedback etc. Through survey application it is ensured that the feedback/comments received from the customers are genuine and not tempered by the sales executives. This also helps in planning different sales activities to promote different services and products.

Some of the benefits realized by implementing Sales force automation solutions are:

• Increases operational efficiency
• Improved field sales activities
• Reduced sales cycles from company to distribution network / distributor to end customer
• Improved sales data management
• Customer focus
• Effective sales strategy planning & formulation
• Increased profitability and much more

For more details about our sales force automation solution “ZooM” contact us at lead@spec-india.com or visit us at www.mobilesalesforceautomation.net

SPEC INDIA offers expert Android application development services to its prestigious clients across the globe at cost effective rates. Our hands-on experience of developing various applications provides us an edge over other. We utilize latest Google Android SDK’s and other 3rd party API’s & tools for designing highly creative and robust applications as per the client requirements. At SPEC INDIA, we give equal importance to design while developing and Android application to provide rich user experience.

Some of the advantages of Android application development are:

• It is an open source platform
• Requires low investment
• Easy to integrate 3rd party API’s and development tools
• Offers stability & security
• Google mail & calendar can be easily integrate with the application
• And much more

We provide various Android application development services like:

• Custom Android application development
• Android game development
• Android tabled application development
• Enterprise Android application development
• Android web application development
• Android application testing
• Enhance existing Android application
• Hire android development

For more detail about our Android application development services contact us at lead@androidapplicationworld.com or visit us at www.androidapplicationworld.com

Nowadays enterprises believe in increase field presence and easy communication with the customers. There are many small to large scare enterprises spread across UAE who are moving towards sales automation solutions to increase their revenue and field presence. SPEC INDIA’s mobile sales force automation solution “ZooM” is a perfect solution for their complete automation requirement.

“ZooM” is a complete sales automation solution comprising of three different modules. They are Door to door selling / Van Sales, Pre-Sales and Pre-sales from 3rd party distribution center. “ZooM” is compatible with wide range of mobile platforms like J2ME, Windows Phone and Android. Through this application sales executive can take orders, customer feedback etc and send it to back-office via GPRS at the end of the day. This application can be easily customized and integrated with you your back-office applications.

For more details visit us at www.mobilesalesforceautomation.net or feel free to write to us at lead@spec-india.com for all your business inquiries.

SPEC INDIA offers great iPhone games development solutions to develop game apps as per the requirements to fulfill your business needs. We have a team of highly skilled iPhone developers who have vast experience in iPhone application development, iPhone game programming, iPhone game development and iPhone game development engines. iPhone games developed by our experience iPhone developers includes following to get rich user experience:
• Interactive & appealing game designs
• Outstanding layouts & backgrounds
• Flexible game environments
• Remarkable design based user interfaces
• Rich audio & video combinations

At SPEC INDIA, you can hire iPhone developers, iPhone game developers or iPhone development team as per your business requirement to develop various iPhone apps such as business application, enterprise application, entertainment application, utility application, gamming application etc. For more detail you can visit us at www.iphonequalityapplications.com or you may please feel free to write to us at lead@iphonequalityapplications.com for all your business inquiries.

We offer android application development services for the following categories:

• Business and Finance apps
• Utility apps
• Entertainment apps
• Educational apps
• Android game apps
• Health and fitness apps
• Social networking apps
• Travel and lifestyle apps
• Sorts apps
• Custom Android apps
• Enhance existing apps

Our main object at SPEC INDIA is to provide robust & customized Android application development services to our esteemed clientele. Our Android developer’s possess profound technical knowledge about Android operating system for developing an application for any domain. We enable our customers to hire Android developer / Android Development team according to your project requirements. We offer various highly convenient hiring models to our clients to choose from for hiring Android developers at competitive rates.

For more detail visit us at www.androidapplicationworld.com or you may please feel free to write to us lead@androidapplicationworld.com for any business inquiry.

At SPEC INDIA, we have over a decade of experience in providing mobile sales force automation solution to some of the industry giants in their respective domains. With our years of experience we have understood the challenges and complexity involved in mobilizing business processes.  We have developed a mobile sales force automation solution “ZooM”, based on our own experience and best industry practices to help automate your sales activities to enable your organization to manage customer relationships better. “ZooM” is a full fledged mobile sales force automation solution catering needs of all types of industry verticals like distribution management, FMCG, Pharmaceutical etc. wherein field sales is an integral part of business operations.

For more details, you can visit us www.mobilesalesforceautomation.net or you may please feel free to write to us on lead@spec-india.com.

Action Bars are powerfull UI feature in introduced in Android Honeycomb, Action bar is a branded top bar of the application that provides easy access to relevant actions on the screen and a shortcut to application’s home screen.Most of the basic functionality of Action bar are backward compatible . action bar is a bar placed atop the screen that houses all the essential actions used in an application. It contains only those actions that are common to the entire application, and not activity specific ones.

The Action Bar is a widget for activities that replaces the traditional title bar at the top of the screen. By default, the Action Bar includes the application logo on the left side, followed by the activity title, and any available items from the Options Menu on the right side.

Benefits of using Action Bars:

1. Very easy and fast access to relevant action on current screen.
2. Easy access to application’s home screen by clicking the application logo at left. This paradigm is already well known from web sites.
3. opportunity to provide branding to the application.
4. Helps user in navigation by indicating his / her current location in app
5. Easy customization.

There are lot of things that can be done on action bars :

• Action items
• Tabs
• Dropdown menu
• Action views

Implementing Action Bars:
1) Create a Android xml by selecting menu in the /res/menu folder.

<menu xmlns:android=“http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android” >

<item

android:id=“@+id/user_locate”

android:icon=“@android:drawable/ic_input_add”

android:title=“@string/locate”

android:showAsAction = “never”

android:onClick=“onOptionLocate” />……..</menu>

2) Create the actionbar option menu .

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

MenuInflater menuInflater = getMenuInflater();

menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.actionmenu, menu);

return true;

}

The menu resource is just like a regular menu resource file, except there’s a new option that you can specify per item, with the name showAsAction. This property is available since API level 12 (Which is Android 3.0) if you run Android 2.3 or lower, this optionIf however you specify ifRoom, it will get displayed when there’s room on the screen. The OS will automatically hide the item when there isn’t enough room to show the item. is simply ignored by the OS.

The showAsAction option tells the OS how to display the action item. If you specify “never” it will hide the item under the menu button that gets displayed at the right hand side of the action bar.

Of course if you always want the item to be displayed on the screen, you can specify the “always” setting for the showAsAction attribute in the menu file.

The last option you can specify is whether the action item should be displayed with our without text. If you append the withText option to the showAsAction attribute, you will get the icon of the action item and the display text for the action item.

3) On to display action bars on the activity you need to activate it as a window feature

protected override void OnCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.OnCreate(savedInstanceState);

// Activate the action bar and display it in navigation         //mode.

RequestWindowFeature(WindowFeatures.ActionBar);

// Initialize the view for the activity

SetContentView(Resource.Layout.MainActivity);

// Initialize the action bar

InitializeActionBar();   }

Adding Tabs to Action Bar:

1) The tabs feature of the action bar combines the possibility to create custom tab like you can on the tab control with the power of fragments.

2)  tabs to work you tell the action bar to go into tabs navigation mode

3)   The important bits for a tab are the name to display and the handler to attach

private void InitializeActionBar()

{

// Set the action bar to Tab mode

ActionBar.NavigationMode = ActionBarNavigationMode.Tabs;

// Create a new tab (CreateTabSpec on the TabControl)

var homeTab = ActionBar.NewTab();

homeTab.SetTabListener(

new TabListener<CrumbsOverviewFragment>());

homeTab.SetText(”Crumbs”);

// Add the new tab to the action bar

ActionBar.AddTab(homeTab);

}

4) Implementing the tab handler is done by creating a new class that derives from Java.Lang.Object and implements the ActionBar.ITabListener interface.

public void OnTabSelected(ActionBar.Tab tab,FragmentTransaction ft)

{

ft.Add(Resource.Id.MainFragmentContainer,_fragment,typeof(T).FullName);

}

Adding DropDown to Action Bars:

The third way in which you can customize the action bar is by adding a dropdown to the action bar. For this mode of operation to work you need to switch the action bar to List navigation mode.

OnNavigationListener navListener = new OnNavigationListener() {

String[] strings = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.Contentlist);

@Override

public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(int itemPosition,long itemId)

{

TabListFragment newFragment = new TabListFragment();

FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();

FragmentTransaction ft = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();

ft.replace(R.id.mainFrg, newFragment, strings[itemPosition]);

ft.commit();

return true;

}};

spinnerAdapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(ActionBarActivity.this,R.array.

Contentlist,android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line);

ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();

actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_LIST);

actionBar.setListNavigationCallbacks(spinnerAdapter, mOnNavigationListener);

The spinner adapter can be derived from BaseAdapter to get a quick and easy foundation for it. It saves on hugely on implementation details

This component will receive the selection the user made in the list, upon which you can for example load a different fragment on the user interface or start another activity.

Add a action view to action bar:

Action views are custom views that display arbitrary controls on the action bar.

Configuring an action view is done by specifying the android:actionViewClass attribute in the menu resource file.

<item

android:id=“@+id/vacuum”

android:icon=“@android:drawable/ic_input_add”

android:title=“search”

android:showAsAction=“ifRoom”

android:actionViewClass=“android.widget.SearchView”

android:onClick=“onOptionVacuum” />

public override bool OnCreateOptionsMenu(IMenu menu)

{

MenuInflater.Inflate(Resource.Menu.ActionItems, menu);

var searchView =  (SearchView)menu.FindItem(Resource.Id.menu_search).ActionView;

searchView.SearchClick += OnSearchClicked;   }

Styling the Action Bar:

Customizing the action bar is a great way to extend your application branding to the standard control components.

To give Style to action style.xml is to be created.

This style must be appended to the manifest as a theme in the application tag. Basically these lines specify that there will be no title bar in the application, and instead will be overlaid by our own custom action bar.

<style name=“MyPopupMenu” parent=“android:style/Widget.Holo.Light.ListPopupWindow”>

<item name=“android:popupBackground”>@drawable/ad_menu_dropdown_panel_holo_light</item>

</style>

<style name=“Theme.AndroidDevelopers” parent=“android:style/Theme.Holo.Light”>

<item name=“android:selectableItemBackground”>@drawable/list_bg</item>

<item name=“android:popupMenuStyle”>@style/MyPopupMenu</item>

</style>

At SPEC INDIA, we have over a decade of experience in designing and developing business intelligence solutions for some of our esteemed clientele including Fortune 100 companies. Our expert team of developers has wide experience working on BI applications, and based on their expertise they understand client requirements and helps them devise a solution that best suits their business needs. We also have wide experience in interfacing customized solutions with different 3rd party interfaces. We have expertise in designing various BI & reporting solutions using different tools like:

• Pentaho Dashboard
• Oracle Discoverer
• Jasper Reports
• Jfree Reports
• Pentaho Reports
• Pentaho Analyticals

For further details regarding our business intelligences application development services you can visit us at www.spec-india.com or you may please feel free to write to us at lead@spec-india.com